Red blood cell alloimmunisation and autoimmunisation in transfusion dependent beta thalassemics from Southern India

*, Soundarya Mahalingam and Bhat, Kamalakshi G. (2015) Red blood cell alloimmunisation and autoimmunisation in transfusion dependent beta thalassemics from Southern India. Nitte University Journal of Health Science, 5 (3). pp. 4-8. ISSN 2249-7110

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Abstract

The development of red blood cell (RBC) isoimmunization with alloantibodies and autoantibodies complicate transfusion therapy in multiply transfused thalassemia patients. We conducted a study to analyse the frequency in our population. Clinical and antibody profile from55multiply transfused thalassemic patientswhowere receiving transfusions were collected and analyzed prospectively. A commercially available 3 cell antigen panelwas used for the antibody screening procedure. If antibody screeningwith the 3-cell antigen panel was positive, an extended 11-cell antigen panel was used for antibody identification in LISS (Low Ionic Strength Solution). All patients received bloodmatched for only ABOand Rh (D) antigens. A total of 55 transfusion dependent β thalassemicswere included in this study out of which 30 (54.55%) were males and 25(45.45%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.2: 1. Frequency of red cell alloimmunization in this study was found to be 1.8%. None of the patients developed red cell autoimmunization. The alloantibody identified in the the patient who developed alloimmunisation was was anti-K. In conclusion, the transfusion of matched blood is essential for chronically transfused beta thalassemia patients in order to avoid alloimmunization.

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