Reddy, Praveen Kumar Y and Kumar, Krishnamorrthi Vimal and Ramaswamy, Babu Rajendran and Kumar, Virendra and Singhal, Rakesh Kumar and Basu, Hirekendu and Gopal, Chikmagalur Mallappa and Vandana, KE and Bhat, Krishnamurthy and Udayashankar, H N and Balakrishna, Keshava (2021) Assessment of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from selected wastewater treatment plants of Southwestern India. Emerging Contaminants, 7. pp. 43-51. ISSN 2405-6650

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Abstract

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, ketoprofen, and diclo�fenac) were determined in three selected wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in southwestern India and the Gurupura River. The concentrations of the NSAIDs in the influents of the WWTPs ranged 125 e184 mg/L for aspirin, 5e22 mg/L for ibuprofen, 11e217 mg/L for naproxen, 3e41 mg/L for ketoprofen and 12e68 mg/L for diclofenac. In the effluents, concentrations ranged 0.4e0.7 mg/L for aspirin, 0.1e2 mg/L for ibuprofen, 3e14 mg/L for naproxen, 0.6e0.8 mg/L for ketoprofen and 2e26 mg/L for diclofenac. The NSAIDs in the WWTPs were found in the order of aspirin > naproxen > diclofenac > ketoprofen > ibuprofen. In the Gurupura river, aspirin (0.02 mg/L), ibuprofen (0.17 mg/L), naproxen (8.8 mg/L), ketoprofen (1.5 mg/L) and diclofenac (1.6 mg/L) were quantified. Hazard quotient (HQ) for various aquatic organisms were calculated for the effluents of WWTPs and Gurupura river water. The results showed medium risk of ibuprofen and naproxen to polyp Hydra attenuata. Continuous discharge of NSAIDs into the river can result in adverse effects to the resident organisms

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