Kumari, Rashmi and Sunil, Dhanya (2021) Emerging trends in aggregation induced emissive luminogens as bacterial theranostics. Journal of Drug Targeting. ISSN 1061-186X

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Abstract

The emergence and spread of pathogenic bacteria, particularly antibiotic-resistant strains pose grave glo�bal concerns worldwide, which demand for the rapid development of highly selective and sensitive strat�egies for specific bacterial detection, identification, imaging and therapy. The fascinating feature of aggregation-induced emissive molecules (AIEgens) to display fluorescence in aggregate form can be suit�ably coupled with nanotechnology for developing theranostic AIE dots that can offer convenient and cus�tomised functions such as sensing, imaging, detection, discrimination and cell kill of different bacterial types. The initial section of the article reveals the necessity for incorporating diagnostic imaging with anti�bacterial therapy, while the latter part delivers mechanistic insights on the benefits of AIE fluorophores in theranostic applications. Further, the review illustrates the recent advancements of AIEgens as theranostic nanolights in bacterial detection, identification and eradication. The review is organised according to the different classes of AIE-active bacterial theranostics such as carrier-free nanoprodrugs, nanomachines for synergistic imaging-guided cancer treatment and bacterial kill, AIE polymers, bioconjugates and nanopar�ticle carriers. By elucidating their design principles and applications, as well as highlighting the recent trends and perspectives that can be further explored, we hope to instill more research interest in AIE bac�terial theranostics for future translational research.

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